Saturday, December 28, 2019

Essay on Caribbean Internet Cafe - 633 Words

Pre-Text *All numbers are based in Jamaican currency. * All numbers are rounded to the nearest dollar. 1.What managerial issues should David consider before starting the CIC? Before starting the CIC David should consider the following managerial issues: 1. He has minimal training in business ownership. He has the background of a computer programmer, and is getting his MBA but he is still in the process of learning and doesn’t have the knowledge to start an internet cafà ©. 2. David is also planning to hire a manager with Jamaican restaurant experience to help him with the majority of his business activities; this could be an issue as he hasn’t found anyone yet. He isn’t considering the possibility that he will not be able to†¦show more content†¦4. What is the contribution margin per customer? In order to calculate contribution margin per customer, I used the worst case-scenario provided by the market research firm assuming 30% of the 20,000 person market segment would visit the cafà © 2 times per year. Furthermore, that 40% of these customers would use the internet and all of the customers would buy food and drinks. Total Revenue Based on the above assumptions, I concluded: (20,000 (target market) x 30%) X 2 = 12,000 visits eating and drinking. Of these 12,000 visits, 40% would use the internet service, so 12,000x40% = 4,800 computer users. Thus: $576,000 - 12,000 visits x $200 (Sales per person (food and drink)) $2,400,000 – 4800 computer users x $60 (Sales per internet hour) $2,976,000 – Total Revenue Variable Costs Based on the above assumptions, I concluded: $960,000 – 12,000 x $80 (Cost of food and drink per person) $288,000 – 4,800 x $60 ( Cost of internet per person) $1,248,000 – Total Variable Costs Total Revenue – Total Variable Costs = Total Contribution Margin $2,976,000 – 1,248,000 = 1,728,000 To determine contribution margin per unit I used, 1,728,000 / 12,000 = $144 per visit. This is based on the average contribution margin, as some customers will eat, drink and use the internet and some customers will just use the internet. Thus, contribution margin per customer is $144.00. 5. How many customer visits will CIC need in order to break-even in theShow MoreRelatedCaribbean Internet Cafe795 Words   |  4 Pages1 Caribbean Internet Cafà © Performance Management and Control, ACC 287.5 David E. Platt, Ph.D. Caribbean Internet Cafà © Primary Case-Study Objectives 2 ï  µ ï  µ ï  µ Observe the diversity of business measurement issues. Introduce fundamental costing issues. Identify strategic and non-financial issues that are critical for decision making. Caribbean Internet Cafà © Cost Summary 3 ï  µ Here is a listing of costs to be incurred (pg. 3-4). How can we organize this data in a useful way? Equipment Waiter-tutorsRead MoreCaribbean Internet Cafe920 Words   |  4 PagesCase Summary of: Carribean Internet Cafà © 1. What managerial issues should David consider before starting Caribbean Internet Cafà ©? Managerial Issues: Broadly defined as all issues which have an impact on a business manager’s decision. In this case, David should consider: - Political, Economic, Social, Technological (PEST) issues analysis: (i) Political: Bureaucracy and corruption may potentially slow down the pace of enhancing the necessary infrastructure for internet accessibility and usageRead MoreThe Marketing Mix Hard Rock Cafe1259 Words   |  6 Pagesand/or services are moved from the manufacturer/service provider to the user or consumer. It can include any physical store as well as virtual stores on the Internet. In our case the Hard Rock Cafà © operates in 38 countries throughout the globe. The Cafà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s of the Hard Rock chain are located in: Hawai, North America, Mexico/Central America, Caribbean, South America, Europe, Middle East, Asia, Japan and Australia/Oceania. Hard Rock Hotels are located in the following cities throughout the world: Read MoreRoyal Caribbean Cruises, Ltd: Hbr Case Study1130 Words   |  5 PagesRoyal Caribbean Cruises, LTD: A Case Study 1. Using the Information Systems Triangle as a framework, evaluate the alignment of RCCLs business strategy, organizational strategy, and information systems strategy before Tom Murphy became CIO and then after Tom Murphy took over as CIO (up to 9/11/2001). Prior to Tom Murphys tenure as CIO, Royal Caribbean Cruises Lines (RCCLs) business strategies were not fully aligned with the organizational and IT strategies. Tom Murphy was instrumental in bringingRead MoreThe Leisure-Cruise Industry Porter Paper1329 Words   |  6 Pagessubstantial resources (Wheelen and Hunger pg 111). When taking into consideration ingoing a leisure cruise industry, assets is key obligation. In my opinion threat of new entrants is low because as stated from Cruise News â€Å"Just in one of the ships Royal Caribbean spent one billion dollars†. So companies must be finically stable and be knowledgeable to enter the leisure cruise industry. In addition, since 2009 government has made it a requirement for every passenger to have a passport or passport id whichRead MoreEthnography Study of Coffee House2553 Words   |  11 Pageshomogenization, polarization, and hybridization,† (Holton 2000). This essay seeks to lend credence to the hybridization thesi s, by observing a coffee house located in the developing country of Trinidad and Tobago (TT). Focusing on the aesthetics of the cafà © and the purchase behaviour of its customers, this essay intends to evaluate the attempt of this organisation to create a coffee culture in TT. This evaluation will then inform the argument of hybridization by demonstrating how cultures exchange elementsRead MoreCarribean Internet Cafe1263 Words   |  6 PagesAssignment #1: Caribbean Intern Cafà © Date: November 14, 2012 1. There are many issues that Mr. Grant should consider before proceeding with the CIC. There are several things that Mr. Grant should examine before even looking at the projections given to him. Total capital is $2,250,000, $1,000,000 in investments and $1,250,000 in the form of a long-term loan. $1,573,000 is immediately spent leaving $677,000. If he has no customers, he can afford to remain open for 3 months. As well, theyRead MoreAccounting Case Essay1930 Words   |  8 Pagesorders over the internet site. How should this affect the activity cost driver rates calculated in Question 2? How would the switch affect Dakota’s profitability? Caribbean Internet Cafà © 1. What managerial issues should David Grant consider before starting the Caribbean Internet Cafà ©? 2. Define the fixed, variable and start-up costs in this case. 3. What is the contribution margin per customer? 4 How many customer visits will CIC need in order for the cafà © to break-even inRead MoreRe Sba1648 Words   |  7 PagesLibrary to get information on three symbolisms in Rastafari via the internet which I stored on a flash drive. On the 3rd of October 2011 at about 2:30 pm, I gave out 12 questionnaires to the Rastafararians in my community. On the 5th of October 2011, I collected back the questionnaires at about 4:35 pm, from which I gathered additional information on the study. On the 10th of October 2011 at about 10:00 am, I went to an Internet Cafà © to get pictures and additional information about the symbolism whichRead Morecafes monte bianco case analysis4234 Words   |  17 PagesExam†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....20% CASE ANALYSIS Students will work on the cases in groups of three (preferably) or four. Each group will be required to submit written Case Analysis (five pages plus Exhibits) for each of the following cases: 1. Cafes Monte Bianco: Building a Profit Plan 2. Compagnie du Froid, S.A. In addition, groups will pick four of the remaining cases (except Birch Paper) that interest them for a short write-up (2-3 pages plus exhibits). Case write-ups should include

Friday, December 20, 2019

Inclusion Of The Refugees Into A Protection Mechanism That...

This project aims to demonstrate the need for inclusion of the refugees coming to north Cyprus, into a protection mechanism that will be created based on international standards. The main question of this project that will discuss the necessity of a protection mechanism will be: â€Å"Why there is a need for an asylum and protection mechanism for refugees in north Cyprus?† The question of this research stemmed from the need to determine the source of this need and what this need covers in terms of legal and practical arrangements. The expected outcome of this research is to demonstrate, with tangible findings, the significance of creating an asylum mechanism in north Cyprus which is becoming a destination for refugees especially due to the unrest in Middle East. The findings will be analyzed in the framework of international human rights and UN documents related to the refugee rights issue. Introduction Cyprus is placed in a region which has been suitable for refugees throughout history. At the time of World War II, when Nazi’s endangering Europe; more or less 2000 Polish refugees came to Cyprus in 1940, defected until the end of II. World War. Nowadays, due to its affinity to bad political conditions regions and repressive governments of the Middle East, Cyprus remains an easy access country for refugees compared to other places. As we see, Cyprus is a country that refugees arrive to sheltered in historical periods. (REFERANS) Because of lack of information in the generalShow MoreRelatedIndividuals With Disabilities1761 Words   |  8 Pagesintegration of children with disabilities in education is lagging. Employment integration with disabled individuals is helped by social and government initiatives. Croatia is also slow to improve the rights of disabled individuals. 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Bureaucratically, they are described as IDPs – or „internally displaced persons.‟ In the real world, they are civilians, mostly women and children, who have been forced to abandon theirRead MoreA Critical Evaluation Of Amnesty International2895 Words   |  12 PagesA Critical Evaluation of Amnesty International In an attempt to evaluate the work of Amnesty International (AI) as an organization, we need to first delve into the historical background. Amnesty International is an international human rights organization established in 1961 by a small group of individuals to translate human rights principles in to practical action influenced by the impassioned newspaper describing the unjust imprisonment of two prisoners of conscience by a British lawyer, Peter BenensonRead MoreTrafficking of Human and Children for Prostitution and Regulation4912 Words   |  20 Pagesadopted in 1904 the â€Å"White Slave Traffic Agreement treaty applicable to â€Å"procuring of women or girls for immoral purposes abroad† or â€Å"destined for an immoral life.† It concerns women or girls who have consented to their trafficking. That is, the international community preferred to deal with trafficking first from a public morals perspective, penalizing even the case where the woman has agreed to perfo rm sex work abroad. In 1910, a new agreement obliged State Parties to punish anyone who recruits aRead MoreThe Origin, Development and Significance of Human Rights10255 Words   |  42 Pagesfrustrated by social as well as natural forces, resulting in exploitation, oppression, persecution, and other forms of deprivation. Deeply rooted in these twin observations are the beginnings of what today are called human rights and the national and international legal processes that are associated with them. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT The expression human rights is relatively new, having come into everyday parlance only since World War II, the founding of the United Nations in 1945,and the adoption byRead MoreGlobalization and It Effects on Cultural Integration: the Case of the Czech Republic.27217 Words   |  109 PagesGLOBALIZATION AND IT EFFECTS ON CULTURAL INTEGRATION: THE CASE OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC. INTRODUCTION I. AN OVERVIEW. 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This vision’s programme plan comes after the successful implementation of the Economic Recovery Strategy for Wealth and Employment Creation (ERS) which hasRead MoreCompetition A ct in India12486 Words   |  50 Pagescompetition and innovation. Free markets often fail or are unable or unwilling to provide goods, services, or competition. The highly competitive environment and the increase in the unfair practices adopted worldwide gave birth to a need for some mechanism which would keep a check on all individuals or entities involved in trade. India too realized this in the late 1960s and thus the MRTP act of 1969 was formulated. There were few modifications that were done in the years that followed and later onRead MoreInternational Management67196 Words   |  269 Pages This page intentionally left blank International Management Culture, Strategy, and Behavior Eighth Edition Fred Luthans University of Nebraska–Lincoln Jonathan P. Doh Villanova University INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT: CULTURE, STRATEGY, AND BEHAVIOR, EIGHTH EDITION Published by McGraw-Hill, a business unit of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1221 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10020. Copyright  © 2012 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Previous editions  © 2009Read MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesSocial history—20th century. 4. World politics—20th century. I. Adas, Michael, 1943– II. American Historical Association. D421.E77 2010 909.82—dc22 2009052961 The paper used in this publication meets the requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1992 Printed in the United States of America 2 4 6 8 9 7 5 3 1 C ONTENTS Introduction Michael Adas 1 1 World Migration in the Long Twentieth

Thursday, December 12, 2019

Effectiveness of Communication Arts Essay Example For Students

Effectiveness of Communication Arts Essay Film Production, Advertising, Event Management, Public Relations, and many more in the field of Communication Arts . The course aims to equip and prepare students to be productive in their chosen career path. Students are provided with an opportunity to study and develop their linguistic, analytical, critical and creative abilities. This aims to equip and prepare students to be productive and responsible Filipino citizens in a rapidly changing world. Communication Arts is not just a tertiary course that deals with broadcasting communication and mass information It also includes proper interaction teen the people and the media. The existence of Communication Arts can affect the community and the progress of a nation. Such responsibility Will uphold the interest of the high school students regarding the communication arts degree. College De San Lorenz is a private school located along Congressional Avenue, Guenon City. It is one of the colleges you can find in the city With good location, school facilities, and quality education. Also, it is one Of the schools that offer Communication Arts. The program is divided into different approaches of mass media including Advertising, Broadcasting, Journalism and Film. Subjects under this course include photography, theatre arts, mass media and u, radio and multimedia production. Audio Visual Presentation is one of the most effective ways in promoting the Communication Arts department of College De San Lorenz Visuals are easily absorbed rather than listening to someone who is discussing. It is more enticing to the audience to see what the College De San Lorenz Communication Arts have more than other courses and universities. Audio-Visual means relating to both hearing and sight. It is designed to aid in learning and teaching by making use of both hearing ND sight. The study has compared the effect of audiovisual presentation and text only presentation on short term memory. Prom our study, we can conclude that audiovisual presentation has better effect in memory than text only presentation. This result might be explained by the common belief that people in general prefer to acquire knowledge using visual cues. There is no significant difference of the students preference to audio-visual presentation in both the intervention and control groups. This indirectly indicates that the students performance in memory test is not affected by their preference to either audio-visual or text only presentation. It is believed to be due to the ability of the students to perform in their best capability when they are given a test or a task to complete. As for many students, the desire to perform their best in academics is strong. (Does Audio-visual Presentation Have Better Effect on Memory Compared to Text-only presentation? An Experimental Study among Amelia-Maniple Medical College Students from http:/,own S. PDF) Audio visual presentation adds impact and interest to a lesson. They enable to appeal to more than one sense at the same time, thereby increasing the audiences understanding and retention level. With pictures, the concepts or ideas you present are no longer simply words but words plus imagery* (Effectiveness of Using Audio Visual Presentation in Teaching College Physics to Medical and Allied Courses Students Of Our Lady of Optima University.. Studded. Com. Retrieved 03, 2011, from http://www. Studded. Com/essays/Effectiveness-Of-using-Audio -Visual-presentation-607183. HTML) STATEMENT OFTEN PROBLEM Who among the fourth year high school students would choose to take up communication Arts? GENERAL OBJECTIVE The objective of the research is to know the effectiveness of an Audio Visual Presentation. To determine who among the selected fourth year high school students of Saucy High School will enroll and take up ABA Communication. The researches aim to give recommendation based on the feedback given by the selected high school students of Saucy High School. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY The study aims to introduce the Communication Arts Department to the 2012-2013 selected senior high school students of Saucy High School, In addition to this, it also aims to know the number of students who will choose to continue their tertiary education in College De San Lorenz and take up ABA Communication. West Gallery and East Gallery EssayThe Elaboration Likelihood Model is valued because it offers a way to understand how attitudes are formed and changed, The theory can be applied to persuasion because it provides means tort a person to understand who they are trying to persuade and what route to take, Agenda-Setting Theory Agenda-setting theory has been developed by Maxwell Macombs and Donald Show and it gives the opinion that no matter what you think, but matters what you think about. (http://mucky. Du/-Darlene/capstone/mass/agenda. HTML) This theory focuses on the two elements: I) awareness 2) information The press may not be successful much of the time in telling people what to think, but it is stunningly successful in telling its readers What to think about. (Bernard Cohen, 1963) (http. Rutledge. Com/textbooks/immediateness/students-cassettes. SP) Macombs, M. And Shaw, D. (1972) The Agenda-setting Function Of Mass Media. Public Opinion Quarterly, 36 (Summer), 176-187. Macombs and Shaw (1972) shows how the publics perception of reality is shaped by both reality itself and the reality as portrayed by the media. Media organizations do not just passively broadcast information repeating the words of the official sources or conveying exactly the incidents of an event. They also do not select or reject the days news in proportion to reality. Through their selection and display tooth news stories, the reporters and the editors focus heir attention and influence the publics perceptions of what are the most important issues tot the day. Our pictures tooth world are shaped and refined in the way journalists frame their news stories. This function of media is called the agenda-setting function of media (Macombs, 2002) To determine the persistent role of media, the researchers do not reflect reality, filtering and shaping only. The viewers opinion after watching the APP is important to resolve same issues by telling us what to think about. Conceptual Framework The APP aims to let its viewers think that reality is not how they think about The searchers will create a new agenda. This new agenda will identify the viewers perception of reality but still we will make an equal treatment through framing. However, the researchers will decide which issues to select, follow up, highlight, interpret and manipulate to determine if the new agenda is effective using the opinion of the viewers. METHODOLOGY Research Design The researchers will be using both the qualitative and quantitative type of research. The study will conduct a survey and focus group discussion to the gather information from the selected high school students in order to fulfill the objective of the study.

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

Social Enterprise Acts to Increase Possibilities in Business

Question: Discuss about the Social Enterprise Acts to Increase Possibilities in Business. Answer: Introduction To this day, even through all the technological advancements the world has seen. We have still never seen the end of many social issues throughout the world. This is due to a gap disallowing us from achieving a world with no social issues. The concept of social enterprise acts to increase possibilities in business. This could simply mean distributing profits toward pursuing a community goal, or moving the allocation of profits from owners, to those who are at the forefront of experiencing the social problem. Or, on a larger scale, this may mean shifting perspectives and abolishing a social issue all together. This paper will analyse the importance of social enterprise by creating a business model which is based upon the foundations of social enterprise. The new business model involves creating medical centres throughout Australia, and designed with the ultimate goal of tackling the social issues of health and education in Australia and developing countries. The medical centre social enterprise is called, Australian Health Project. With the establishment of new medical centres, Australia is provided with further accessibility to health services in local communities. Developing countries will be given the social benefits. These benefits will also be explained in detail throughout the paper. A social enterprise model for education needs to contain needs to contain the following 4 elements: Accessibility; Affordability; Sustainability; Adaptability These 4 elements are the foundation of the newly created and innovative medical centres. Brief Overview of Health as a Social Issue (Luke) Through countless efforts, the basic health needs of vast numbers of the worlds people remain unsatisfied. In many countries, less than 15% of the rural population and other underprivileged groups have access to health services (Djukanovic Mach, 1975). Undoubtedly, to have 85% of people in developing countries unable to find basic health services, is much more than a social issue. Sadly, we have been able to find cures for many sicknesses and diseases, but this issue is much larger than finding cure for a sickness. With 1/3 of the world population unable to find medicines essential to health and survival (Humanium, 2016), it is the largest sickness ever seen. Sadly, though many charities, NGOs, government aid, human aid and many other efforts there are still billions of people struggling throughout the world. The Australian Health Project has the vision to ultimately eradicate all basic health issues in developing countries. Develop and Outline the Business Model (Luke) The Business Model we are creating is called the Australian Health Project. In essence, it is a medical centre, and provides Australians with essential health services to our local suburbs and communities. Over time, these centres will also extend toward rural areas throughout Australia. The health services include; GP, podiatrist, physio, optometrist and chiropractor. However, a business as simple as a medical centre, can provide significant impact to so much more than the Australian community. Through social enterprise, this business has been structured to improve lives of many in developing countries, such as in Kenya and Cambodia. Because it is a regular medical centre with approved, experienced doctors, the AMA would also give the approval of the centre. Therefore, the centres will also be bulk billed by the government for greater customer satisfaction and accessibility. The social impacts in developing countries would be created by using the profits given to by the patients at the various medical centres around Australia. As a general rule, each consultation in Australia, will give an individual in a developing country the opportunity to also receive a health check-up. While also receiving the health check-up, the doctor in the developing country will also educate the individuals or communities to administer basic first aid (similar to a Bronze Medallion/Senior First Aid Cert.). Over time, this will increase health outcomes for communities, while also educating them to administer basic first aid. Therefore, this social enterprise tackles the social issues of health and education. The social enterprise is fully sustainable. This is due to the business being based on a mutual service where one service in one country, allows for another service in another country. It all starts with the customers in Australia consciously making the decision whether they would prefer to use the services of a regular medical centre, or deciding to essentially change the world, by using the consultation to aid others in developing countries. Differentiable Business Model Blocks Customer Segments In a basic medical centre, the customer segment is; Those who need a professional diagnosis for their individual health problems. Consulting these individuals with the objective of achieving full wellbeing. In the Australian Health Project, it has this exact customer segment, while also expanding to those customers in developing countries. This segment includes those communities in developing countries who are in need of health check ups and health education. It is important to note that a social enterprise, such as the Australian Health Project, does have the same customer segment (and more) to a regular medical centre. This clearly conveys that the social enterprise also operates like a normal business with very little limitation in comparison to a regular business. Value Proposition This social enterprise has further value added for each customer in Australia because they know that through their consultation with their GP etc., they are helping those in developing countries with health to the individuals who need it the most. Having an extended value proposition such as this, increases the breadth of the customer segment and debatably the market share. This is due to the customer consciously choosing the social enterprise over a normal medical centre because they know they are directly helping those in developing countries. Key Resources The Australian medical centres will need resources such as medical equipment, doctors, medical professionals and receptionists. With the added social enterprise aspects of the Australian Health Project, the added key resources include the resources necessary to create a program in developing countries. This includes; qualified doctors, medical equipment, supervisors and project managers. Key Activities In the Australian medical centres, the key activities will be for doctors and medical professionals to consult and provide Australians with health information. The added social enterprise activities includes executing the key resources into the developing countries. Justify the Business Model (Christine) In developed countries, if you ask anyone what the two most important aspects of having a good life are, the general answer would be having food and good health. In developing countries, the latter is often the one that is overlooked mainly because the vast majority of the population simply do not have free access to doctors/medical staff. Sadly, in many cases, due to poverty, medical treatment is not readily accessible. According to the World Health Organisation, infectious disease affects some 3 billion people in the less developed world. In many developing countries, many people do not have access to immunisation which causes health problems for babies and toddlers. Simple ailments such as diarrhoea and dehydration in children go untreated and sadly in most cases, result in death. Diarrhoeal diseases cause illness and death among children younger than 5 years in low-income countries (Kotloff, 2013) Another issue in surrounding health in developing countries that is often coupled with poverty is lack of knowledge. For example, as we know performing CPR does save lives, however, lack of knowing how to administer CPR does result in death, this is where the Australian Health Project steps in to provide some valuable information and will be able to demonstrate the importance of administering first aid. Not only will the Australian Health Project be teaching basic skills, but it will also teach a valuable lesson in saving lives should the need arises. This social enterprise business model focuses on health care, something that is so important to the health, wellbeing and longevity of everyone. The Australian Health Project is paramount in preventing the loss of lives through medical treatment. In communities where access to medical staff is not so readily available, the Australian Health Project will ensure that medical assistance will be provided. People with chronic diseases spend most of their time outside of a primary health care setting. Primary health care services that establish formal linkages with their communities leverage untapped resources and help to ensure healthy and facilitative environments for people, especially elderly people living with chronic diseases. (Farmer, 2001) In a lot of aspects, The Australian Health Project will become critical to children, the company will play a key role in preventing illness associated with lack of immunisation which will substantially help in preventing child mortality, additionally, parents can be educated about the importance of childhood immunisation As highlighted, there are many factors that contribute the untimely death of many. By providing the medical attention many need, the rate of mortality will be decreased, communities will be more inclined to offer help to others after acquiring knowledge on how to administer first aid. Medication will be readily available, people do not have to wait for the next round of volunteers to fly in and hope their community will be seen to, doctors will be readily available to treat anything that is unwell. The Australian Health Project will be paramount to saving so many lives and ultimately ensuring people have a healthier life with readily available medical treatment Identifying Challenges (Steve) Setting up and running a new enterprise, whether socially based or a traditional for-profit business, presents the entrepreneur with many challenges. The Australian Health Project is no exception to this rule. For the purposes of this paper three major challenges will be identified and defined. The next section Overcoming Challenges will suggest strategies that will endeavour to address these challenges. The three challenges identified for this paper are: Financing the enterprise. Attracting personnel Creating a marketing strategy. Finance Having a mission to change the third world through better health practices and education that are financed through the Australian Health Project clinics is an exciting concept which, will remain a concept if financing the operation from conception through to maturity isnt taken into account and planned for. Attracting traditional investors to finance an enterprise that offers low profits compensated by the promise of social impact may be difficult. According to Bugg-Levine, Kogut and Kulatilaka. (2012) The social value of supplying affordable healthcare to poor people is important, however, low financial returns to investors can be problematic. This has been aptly demonstrated by President Obamas Affordable Care Act (ACA), which endeavours to provide affordable health services to poorer people in one of the richest countries in the world. The ACA has been dogged by controversy since its inception largely based on disagreements regarding how to finance health care to the poor. (Althou gh the ACA isnt a social enterprise it does serve to highlight the complexities associated with financing health projects). Attracting Personnel As with any enterprise building the right team to move the venture forward is crucial. Attracting competent team members who fit the enterprises culture, work ethic and mission is standard to any organisation, however, the social enterprise must do this in an environment of scarce resources, high flexibility and often low financial rewards. Harris and Kor. (2013) note that, attracting and retaining staff to social enterprise presents many challenges, overcoming these challenges will be crucial to a social enterprise's mission and survival. Creating a Marketing Strategy Having the best service in the world that no-one knows about is a guaranteed path to failure. Once the business model has been built, financing secured and a good team assembled, relationships need to be established with customers who will purchase the services in Australia and with the beneficiaries who will receive the services in the targeted third world countries. Limited marketing budgets will often exclude social enterprises from mainstream media options such as Television and Radio. The social enterprise will need to carefully analyse the markets they serve, the consumer and beneficiaries of their services and formulate a targeted strategy that aims to build long term beneficial relationships with all stakeholder groups. Overcoming Challenges (Steve) Finance In order to consider the funding requirements of Australian Health Project, the enterprises life-cycle needs to be identified so that targeted funding options for each stage of cycle can be established. Seed / Startup Survival / Establishment Growth / Expansion Maturity Seed / Startup In the initial stages of a social enterprises inception there is a need to finance the research and prototyping that is required to create the business model and the product/service/value-proposition that will drive revenue creation. The problem most startups encounter is there is no proven history, track record assets or collateral that would give traditional investors, such as banks, the security they require to invest. In the seed/startup phase many enterprises will adopt a mix of options that tap into the entrepreneur's own resources and networks: The Three Fs Friends Family Fools Bootstrapping Doing many of the startups functions in-house: ie web development, social media, IT, graphic artwork etc. Self-Financing Credit cards, personal loans Grants Foundations, Government and impact minded individuals Although meagre, these methods allow the fledgling enterprise to turn the idea into a marketable product/service, start gathering the right team and identify and approach customers and beneficiaries. Survival / Establishment The Three Fs Friends Family Fools Philanthropic Organisations Program Related Investments (PRIs) Finite funding for a specific project. i.e. motor vehicle purchase These methods allow the venture to begin to refine their offering, establish a market share, conserve precious capital, build internal infrastructure and cement relationships with customers and beneficiaries. Growth / Expansion Traditional Debt Bank Loans Credit Union Loans Credit Card Finance Community Development Financial Institutions (CDFI) At this stage of development the Australian Health Project will be relatively established, with formal accounting procedures, IT and HR systems in place. A track record is beginning to build as well as collateral and capital is growing. This stage requires more team building and opposition / competition needs to be addressed. Maturity With an established foothold in the market, the mature Australian Health Project hopefully has a track record of proven sales to customers, a history of impact and value to the beneficiaries and a proven revenue stream, cash flow and dividends for all stakeholders. The enterprise should be able to self finance items like payroll, loan servicing and utilities etc. via its own working capital. Long term debt in the form of Bank loans may be advantageous to enable the purchase of new facilities or capital equipment. There may also be the option of raising capital by floating The Australian Health Project on the Stock exchange via an Initial Public Offering (IPO). Attracting Personnel During the stages of growth detailed in the last section the team at The Australian Health Project will need to be focusing on creating a viable team of professionals and volunteers that will become not only team members but also Australian Health Project advocates and mouth pieces, the value of this development will be discussed in the following sections. A key strategy will be to guide the Australian Health Project into becoming strong team focussing on the three types of capital that relate to the team: Human Capital Referring to the workforce and stakeholders of the Australian Health Project Bonding Social Capital The relational ties within the Australian Health Project Bridging Social Capital Important links external to the Australian Health Project If the Australian Health Project nurtures a high degree of Social Capital, both bonding and bridging, the organisation will attract volunteers, donors and champions driving shared value and forming the enterprise into a Charismatic Organisation. Charismatic Organisations aim is to instigate and nurture their social capital in two ways: THe first way is a strong organisational core (Bonding Social Capital) and the second is to reach out to create a strong network (Bridging Social Capital) Sagawa Jospin. (2009) Strong Core. Mission-driven motivation Can-do culture Data-driven decision making Purposeful innovation People-focused management Strong Network Compelling communications Active outreach Meaningful involvement The development of a Charismatic Orginisation that builds bonding and bridging Social Capital into its DNA will create an environment for all stakeholders to be aspirational in regards to their role in the organisation, have the avenue to have their say and express their opinion in regards to organisational issues and direction, Join in with company rituals and celebrations and turning each stakeholder into and advocate and spokesperson for the Australian Health Project in their community and beyond. Creating a Marketing Strategy Haven Products (https://www.havenproducts.co.uk) was established in Scotland as a social enterprise in 1946. Their mission is to create real and sustainable jobs for people living with disabilities. In many ways Havens journey reflects the strategies discussed in this paper. The reason for including Haven as an example for a marketing strategy is because of their ethos when it comes to achieving their mission. Following the Theory of Change, Haven has clearly understood that to achieve the Outcome of real and sustainable jobs their Outputs (Products/Services) need to be of a consistently high quality and value. Its the quality, price, timeliness and customer experience that keeps bringing the customer back and, in-turn, allows the enterprise to achieve their missional goal of real jobs. The Australian Health Project will be operating in a very competitive arena where Federal and State Governments as well as private medical practices dominate the market. It will be essential for the enterprise to create an offering and value proposition whose quality, price, timeliness and customer experience is of sufficient gravity to attract customers away from existing services thus allowing The Australian Health Project to achieve its stated mission of providing health care and education to its target beneficiaries. A marketing strategy needs to be informed by good information and establish strong communication channels:. Understanding the Target Audience Size of the target - how many people will realistically become clients Structure - Key demographics, socio-economic status, gender, age etc. Trends - What is popular re. Health care now, what will be popular in the future Needs and Characteristics - Obstetrics, Chiropractic, Physio ect. Unique Selling Proposition What is offered that sets The Australian Health Project apart Efficiency - better price and service Leadership - cutting edge technology Audience Intimacy - Creating a close relationship with clients Communication Is The Australian Health Project getting their message out to the community Healthcare that helps you and in-turn people from poorer countries get benefits as well Storytelling (a key outcome of the Charismatic Organisation) Every stakeholder of The Australian Health Project excited, properly informed and telling everyone they meet about the great impact The Australian Health Project has achieved. On the beneficiary side of the marketing task, there needs to be a Bottom of the Pyramid (BoP) approach to creating the product and value proposition that will meet the needs of and be culturally sensitive to the beneficiary market that has been targeted. Prahalad (2012) Conclusion This paper analyzed the importance of social enterprise through the creation of a business model based upon the social enterprise foundation. The business model included customer segments, value proposition, identification of key resources and activities. After justifying the selected business model, three key challenges were identified, which included financing the enterprise, attracting the personnel and creating a marketing strategy. To overcome these challenges, appropriate implications has also been provided in this paper. For the finance related issue, the enterprise should identify the targeted funding options for each stage of enterprises life cycle. For the next issue, it has been suggested that building a strong core, a strong network and meaningful involvement, potential personnel can be attracted. To resolve the third issue, some strategies like understanding the target audience, unique selling proposition, establishing strong communication channels and sharing informatio n with the stakeholders would be beneficial for the enterprise. Moreover, it has been interpreted that a bottom of the pyramid approach can be implemented for creating value proposition, which would meet the needs of targeted audience and the enterprise would be able to address the culturally sensitive aspects of the project. This assignment would help the marketer to develop a sustainable social enterprise.